|
INTERNATIONAL CHRONOLOGY OF THE TRANSNATIONAL RADICAL PARTY: 1972 |
|
17 JULY - Italy - Antimilitarism 25 JULY/4 AUGUST - Italy: Friuli - Antimilitarism 20 SEPTEMBER - Italy: Rome - Antimilitarism, Justice 1 OCTOBER - Italy: Rome - Antimilitarism, Nonvioence NOVEMBER - Italy: Turin XI RP CONGRESS 8 NOVEMBER - ITALY: Rome - Hunger Strike 14 DECEMBER - Italy: Rome: Chamber of Deputies - Antimilitarism
19 FEBRUARY - Italy: Rome - Antimilitarism Second collective insoumission (insubordinance), after which Roberto CICCIOMESSERE, Vice-Secretary of the RP, and seven other conscientious objectors gave themselves up. In the following months, the conditions in military prisons were denounced in regular reports on prison life from Cicciomessere. 17 JULY - Italy - Antimilitarism Press conference held to announce the programme of the Sixth Antimilitarist March from Trieste to Aviano, from 25 July to 4 August. Marco PANNELLA lists the many reasons: affirmation and defence of the right/duty of conscientious objection; abolition of compulsory military service in the Friuli-Venezia-Giulia region; affirmation of the principle and method of nonviolence; rejection of all military blocs, particularly NATO and the Warsaw Pact; conversion of military apparatuses into industrial ones; commemoration of soldiers who fell in World War I; Italy’s withdrawal from NATO; abolition of military courts; promotion of servicemen’s civil rights. 25 JULY/4 AUGUST - Italy: Friuli - Antimilitarism The Seventh Antimilitarist March, from Trieste to Aviano (where there is a NATO base equipped with nuclear warheads) which borders on the area where most of NATO’s military power in Italy is concentrated, ended at the military prison of Peschiera del Garda where several conscientious objectors are being held. 20 SEPTEMBER - Italy: Rome - Antimilitarism, Justice Joint demonstration with Manifesto e Lotta (Protest and Struggle) continues for the release of political prisoners (Valpreda and other anarchists) and "political" conscripts (Cicciomessere and other conscientious objectors). 1 OCTOBER - Italy: Rome - Antimilitarism, Nonvioence Marco PANNELLA, Alberto GARDIN and other activists, begin a hunger strike for the law on "civilian" service and for the release of political prisoners (the Valpreda case) and antimilitarists. NOVEMBER - Italy: Turin XI RP CONGRESS Target of 1000 members surpassed. Commitment to a referendum package. Elected organs: Secretary: Angiolo BANDINELLI Treasurer: Giuseppe RAMADORI 8 NOVEMBER - ITALY: Rome - Hunger Strike Pannella and Gardin ended their 39-day hunger strike, after PERTINI, then Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies, agreed to place the law on conscientious objectors on the agenda. The nonviolent action was supported by prominent intellectuals and political figures, such as Argan, Balducci, Boll, Ginzburg, Grass, Monod, Montale, Nenni, Sartre, Silone, and Spinelli. 14 DECEMBER - Italy: Rome: Chamber of Deputies - Antimilitarism Marcora Law on the right to conscientious objection in Italy, approved. |